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Gamuda Berhad (29579-T) • Annual Report 2012
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (cont’d.)
2.14 Construction contracts
Where the outcome of a construction contract can be reliably estimated, contract revenue and contract costs
are recognised as revenue and expenses respectively by using the stage of completion method. The stage of
completion is measured by reference to the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date to
the estimated total contract costs.
Where the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognised
to the extent of contract costs incurred that are likely to be recoverable. Contract costs are recognised as
expenses in the period in which they are incurred.
When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised
as an expense immediately.
Contract revenue comprises the initial amount of revenue agreed in the contract and variations in contract
work, claims and incentive payments to the extent that it is probable that they will result in revenue and they
are capable of being reliably measured.
When the total of costs incurred on construction contracts plus recognised profits (less recognised losses)
exceeds progress billings, the balance is classified as amount due from customers on contracts. When progress
billings exceed costs incurred on construction contracts plus recognised profits (less recognised losses), the
balance is classified as amount due to customers on contracts.
2.15 Impairment of non-financial assets
The carrying amounts of the Group’s non-financial assets, other than construction contract assets, property
development costs, deferred tax assets and inventories, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine
whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the Group makes an estimate of
the asset’s recoverable amount.
An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. For
the purpose of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately
identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units (“CGU”)).
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset are discounted
to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value
of money and the risks specific to the asset. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable
amount, the asset is written down to its recoverable amount. Impairment losses recognised in respect of a CGU
or groups of CGUs are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to those units or
groups of units and then, to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the unit or groups of units on a
pro-rata basis.
Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss except for assets that are previously revalued where the
revaluation was taken to other comprehensive income. In this case the impairment is also recognised in other
comprehensive income up to the amount of any previous revaluation.
NoTES To ThE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
31 July 2012